FAIR² Schema
schema:DatasetShape
Targets: schema:Dataset
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:distribution |
schema:DataDownload/schema:FileObject |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
cr:recordSet |
RecordSet |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:license |
xsd:anyURI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:url |
xsd:anyURI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
cr:conformsTo |
xsd:boolean |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:distribution**: A dataset must have at least one distribution.
- **cr:recordSet**: A dataset must have at least one record set.
- **schema:description**: A dataset must have a description.
- **schema:license**: A dataset must have a license.
- **schema:name**: A dataset must have a name.
- **schema:url**: A dataset must have a URL.
- **cr:conformsTo**: A dataset must conform to an specification version.
fair2s:DatasetShape
Targets: schema:Dataset
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
dct:accessRights |
fair2s:AccessRightsShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:changeLog |
fair2s:ChangeLogShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:citeAs |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:method |
fair2s:MethodShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:recordSet |
fair2s:RecordSetShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:socialMedia |
fair2s:SocialMediaShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:author |
fair2s:AuthorShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:citation |
fair2s:DataArticleShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:citationKey |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:contentUrl |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:contributor |
fair2s:ContributionShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:dataArticle |
schema:ScholarlyArticle |
1 |
No |
schema:dateCreated |
xsd:date |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:datePublished |
xsd:date |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:dateUpdated |
xsd:date |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:funding |
fair2s:FundingShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:identifier |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:keywords |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:license |
sh:IRI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:spatialCoverage |
fair2s:SpatialCoverageShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:subjectOf |
fair2s:DomainShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:temporalCoverage |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:version |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **dct:accessRights**: Dataset must specify access rights (e.g., FAIR² Agreement Level).
- **fair2:changeLog**: Dataset may include a structured changelog for version history.
- **fair2:citeAs**: Dataset must include a full 'cite as' text citation.
- **fair2:method**: Dataset must include at least one MethodSection describing methodology.
- **fair2:recordSet**: Dataset must include at least one RecordSet definition.
- **fair2:socialMedia**: Dataset may include social media dissemination metadata.
- **schema:author**: Dataset must include at least one author.
- **schema:citation**: Dataset must include a citation to the related Data Article.
- **schema:citationKey**: Dataset must provide a citationKey for internal referencing.
- **schema:contentUrl**: Dataset may include a content URL for direct access.
- **schema:contributor**: Dataset must include contributor metadata and roles.
- **schema:dataArticle**: Dataset may be linked to a Data Article (Scholarly Article) object.
- **schema:dateCreated**: Dataset may include its creation date.
- **schema:datePublished**: Dataset may include its publication date.
- **schema:dateUpdated**: Dataset may include its last updated date.
- **schema:description**: Dataset must include a description.
- **schema:funder**: Dataset may include one or more funding entries.
- **schema:identifier**: Dataset must include a unique identifier (e.g., DOI).
- **schema:keywords**: Dataset must include at least one keyword.
- **schema:license**: Dataset must declare an open license IRI.
- **schema:name**: Dataset must include a name.
- **schema:spatialCoverage**: Dataset may specify spatial coverage information.
- **schema:subjectOf**: Dataset must declare at least one domain or subject area.
- **schema:temporalCoverage**: Dataset may specify the temporal coverage (e.g., 1995–2023).
- **schema:version**: Dataset must specify its version.
fair2s:DistributionShape
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
cr:sha256 |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:contentUrl |
xsd:anyURI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:encodingFormat |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **cr:sha256**: Each distribution must have a SHA-256 checksum.
- **schema:contentUrl**: Each distribution must have a content URL.
- **schema:encodingFormat**: Each distribution must specify its encoding format.
fair2s:AccessRightsShape
Targets: schema:DefinedTerm
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
@id |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:url |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
skos:definition |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
skos:note |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
Constraint notes
- **@id**: AccessRights @id should be a FAIR² AgreementLevels URI.
- **schema:name**: AccessRights must have a name (e.g., 'Open Access').
- **schema:url**: AccessRights URL must point to a FAIR² Agreement Level definition (1–4).
- **skos:definition**: AccessRights must provide a definition describing the access conditions.
- **skos:note**: AccessRights may include a note clarifying additional access information.
fair2s:AuthorShape
Targets: schema:Person
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:affiliation |
fair2s:OrganizationShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:identifier |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:affiliation**: Each author must be affiliated with at least one organization.
- **schema:identifier**: Each author must include an identifier, preferably an ORCID.
- **schema:name**: Each author must have a name.
fair2s:ChangeDescriptionShape
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
fair2:bugFixes |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:improvements |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:newFeatures |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:otherInformation |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
Constraint notes
- **fair2:bugFixes**: Description may include bugFixes as a list of strings.
- **fair2:improvements**: Description may include improvements as a list of strings.
- **fair2:newFeatures**: Description may include newFeatures as a list of strings.
- **fair2:otherInformation**: Description may include otherInformation such as version notes or license changes.
fair2s:ChangeLogShape
Targets: schema:UpdateAction
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
prov:wasRevisionOf |
fair2s:RevisionShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:datePublished |
xsd:date |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:description |
fair2s:ChangeDescriptionShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **prov:wasRevisionOf**: Each changelog entry may reference the previous dataset version using prov:wasRevisionOf.
- **schema:datePublished**: Each changelog entry must include a publication date.
- **schema:description**: Each changelog entry must include a structured description of changes.
fair2s:ContributionShape
Targets: schema:Contribution
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
prov:agent |
fair2s:AuthorShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
prov:hadRole |
fair2s:ContributorRoleShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **prov:agent**: Each contribution must reference at least one agent (Person or Organization).
- **prov:hadRole**: Each contribution must include at least one role.
fair2s:ContributorRoleShape
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
@id |
sh:IRI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
rdfs:label |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **@id**: Each role must have an IRI identifier, typically from CRO or FAIR² namespace.
- **rdfs:label**: Each role must have a human-readable label (e.g., DataCuration, Supervision).
fair2s:DataArticleShape
Targets: schema:ScholarlyArticle
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
prov:wasDerivedFrom |
sh:IRI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:datePublished |
xsd:date |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:publication |
fair2s:PublicationShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:publisher |
fair2s:PublisherShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **prov:wasDerivedFrom**: Data article must reference the dataset DOI or persistent identifier.
- **schema:datePublished**: Data article must have a publication date.
- **schema:name**: Data article must include a title.
- **schema:publication**: Data article must reference a publication (journal or periodical).
- **schema:publisher**: Data article must specify a publisher organization.
fair2s:DomainShape
Targets: schema:Thing
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
@id |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
prov:wasAttributedTo |
fair2s:AuthorShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **@id**: Domain entries should ideally reference a controlled vocabulary (e.g., Wikidata).
- **prov:wasAttributedTo**: Each domain should be attributed to at least one Person (creator or expert).
- **schema:name**: Each domain entry must include a name (e.g., 'Marine Biology').
fair2s:FieldShape
Targets: cr:Field
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
cr:dataType |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:statistics |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
fair2:unit |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **cr:dataType**: Each Field must specify a dataType (e.g., Text, Integer, Float, Date).
- **fair2:statistics**: Each Field should include descriptive statistics (count, missing values, etc.).
- **fair2:unit**: Each Field should specify a measurement unit, using QUDT or equivalent controlled vocabulary.
- **schema:description**: Each Field must include a human-readable description.
- **schema:name**: Each Field must have a name.
fair2s:FundingOrganizationShape
Targets: schema:Organization
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:identifier |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:identifier**: Funding organization should include an identifier (e.g., ROR ID).
- **schema:name**: Funding organization must include a name.
fair2s:FundingSchemeShape
Targets: schema:FundingScheme
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:identifier |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:identifier**: Funding scheme must include an identifier (e.g., Horizon Europe code).
- **schema:name**: Funding scheme must include a name.
fair2s:FundingShape
Targets: schema:Grant
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:funder |
fair2s:FundingOrganizationShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:fundingScheme |
fair2s:FundingSchemeShape |
[0..1] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:url |
sh:IRI |
[0..1] |
No |
Constraint notes
- **schema:funder**: Each funding entry must specify at least one funder organization.
- **schema:fundingScheme**: If provided, fundingScheme must contain valid scheme metadata.
- **schema:name**: Each funding entry must include a grant name or title.
- **schema:url**: Funding entries may optionally include a URL (e.g., project page).
fair2s:MethodShape
Targets: fair2:MethodSection
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
fair2:step |
fair2s:StepShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **fair2:step**: Each MethodSection must contain at least one Step.
- **schema:description**: Each MethodSection may include a description summarizing the methodological context.
- **schema:name**: Each MethodSection must include a section name.
fair2s:OrganizationShape
Targets: schema:Organization
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:address |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:identifier |
`` |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:address**: Organization should include a postal address.
- **schema:identifier**: Organization should include a persistent identifier (e.g., ROR).
- **schema:name**: Organization must have a name.
fair2s:PublicationShape
Targets: schema:Periodical
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:name**: Publication must include a name (journal or periodical title).
fair2s:PublisherShape
Targets: schema:Organization
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:name**: Publisher organization must include a name.
fair2s:RecordSetShape
Targets: cr:RecordSet
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
cr:field |
fair2s:FieldShape |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **cr:field**: Each RecordSet must define at least one Field.
- **schema:description**: Each RecordSet must include a description.
- **schema:name**: Each RecordSet must have a name (e.g., 'WATER', 'SEDIMENTS').
fair2s:RevisionShape
Targets: schema:Dataset
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:identifier |
sh:IRI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:version |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:identifier**: Revision reference must include a persistent identifier (e.g., DOI).
- **schema:version**: Revision reference must include a version label.
Targets: schema:SocialMediaPosting
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:accountServiceHomePage |
sh:IRI |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:articleBody |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:datePublished |
xsd:date |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:identifier |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:keywords |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
schema:url |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
Constraint notes
- **schema:accountServiceHomePage**: Each entry must specify the social media service homepage as an IRI (e.g., 'https://twitter.com/').
- **schema:articleBody**: Each entry must include the message text or post body.
- **schema:datePublished**: Optionally, entries may record the publication date of the social media post.
- **schema:identifier**: Each social media entry must have a platform identifier (e.g., 'twitter', 'linkedin').
- **schema:keywords**: Each entry must list at least one keyword or tag describing its content.
- **schema:url**: Optionally, entries may include a direct URL to the social post or related resource.
fair2s:SpatialCoverageShape
Targets: schema:Place
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
schema:geo |
sh:BlankNodeOrIRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **schema:geo**: Spatial coverage may include a geo reference.
- **schema:name**: Spatial coverage must include a place name.
fair2s:StepShape
Targets: fair2:Step
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
fair2:generated |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:next |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
fair2:substep |
fair2s:SubStepShape |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **fair2:generated**: If provided, 'generated' should reference produced data elements (e.g., fields, recordSets).
- **fair2:next**: If provided, 'next' should reference the following step using an IRI.
- **fair2:substep**: Substeps may be defined as nested procedural components.
- **schema:description**: Each Step may include a description detailing actions or parameters.
- **schema:name**: Each Step must include a name.
fair2s:SubStepShape
Targets: fair2:Substep
| Property |
Type |
Cardinality |
Mandatory |
fair2:next |
sh:IRI |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:description |
xsd:string |
[0..∞] |
No |
schema:name |
xsd:string |
[1..∞] |
Yes |
Constraint notes
- **fair2:next**: If provided, 'next' should reference the subsequent substep.
- **schema:description**: Each Substep may include a descriptive text.
- **schema:name**: Each Substep must include a name.